OSI Model
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The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework or guidelines used to understand and describe different networking protocols interacting within a computer network, developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1970s to create a standardized or structured way of discussing and understanding the complexities of network communication. The OSI model divides network communication into seven distinct layers, each one is responsible for specific tasks, organized in a hierarchical manner, with each layer building upon the services provided by the layer below it, ensures that data moves from its point of origin to its destination efficiently and accurately. The block diagram of seven layers are as follows: Physical Layer (Layer 1): Physical layer lies at the base of the OSI model, focusing on the transmission of raw data bits through physical mediums such as cables, fibers, or wireless connections. It defines attributes like voltage levels, dat